Pengaruh Risiko Kredit, Likuiditas, Permodalan, Ukuran Bank, dan Kinerja Intermediasi terhadap Profitabilitas Bank Pembangunan Daerah di Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54259/akua.v5i3.8538Kata Kunci:
Profitability, Credit Risk, Liquidity, Capital Adequacy, Regional Development BanksAbstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh risiko kredit, likuiditas, permodalan, ukuran bank, dan kinerja intermediasi terhadap profitabilitas Bank Pembangunan Daerah di Indonesia. Profitabilitas diukur menggunakan Return on Assets, sedangkan risiko kredit diproksikan dengan Non-Performing Loan, likuiditas dengan Loan to Deposit Ratio, permodalan dengan KPMM/CAR, ukuran bank dengan logaritma natural total aset, serta kinerja intermediasi dengan Net Interest Margin dan penyaluran kredit. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan data panel kuartalan pada 17 Bank Pembangunan Daerah selama periode 2018–2025. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan regresi data panel melalui pendekatan Common Effect Model, Fixed Effect Model, dan Random Effect Model dengan mengunakan software Stata. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa Fixed Effect Model merupakan model yang paling sesuai. Secara simultan, seluruh variabel independen berpengaruh signifikan terhadap ROA. Secara parsial, NIM berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap ROA, sedangkan NPL berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap ROA. LDR, KPMM, ukuran bank, dan penyaluran kredit tidak berpengaruh signifikan. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa profitabilitas BPD lebih ditentukan oleh kualitas kredit dan kemampuan menghasilkan pendapatan bunga bersih.
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