Sehat Rakyat: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat

Tinjauan Sistem Pengelolaan Sampah Rumah Tangga di Kelurahan Oesapa Kota Kupang

Mince Mb. Atahau, Yendris K. Syamruth, Mustakim Sahdan, Marylin S. Junias — Sun, 15 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Waste management based on Law Number 18 of 2008 is a systematic, comprehensive and continuous activity that includes reduction and handling. This study aims to determine the Review of the Household Waste Management System in Oesapa Village, Kupang City. This type of research is descriptive research with a survey method. This research was conducted in Oesapa Village, Kupang City in March-April 2023. The population in this study were all heads of families in Oesapa Village, totaling 8,630 families. The sample in this study was 98 families. The sampling technique in this study used the simple random sampling technique. Data collection using a questionnaire. The data obtained in this study were analyzed descriptively, the presentation of the data was described in the form of a diagram. The results of the study showed that the number respondents based on waste sorting were more in the sufficient category (46%), respondents based on waste collection were more in the less category (54%), respondents based on waste transportation were more in the good category (52%) and respondents based on waste management were more in the less category (36%). It is hoped that the peoplen of Oesapa Subdistrict will dispose of household waste at a temporary disposal site (TPS) because managing their own waste such as burning it can pollute the surrounding environment.

Analisa Faktor Eksternal dan Perencanaan Pemasaran PT Nuno Care Post Partum Depression Pusat Perawatan Pasca Melahirkan

Hariani Widyastuti, Dimas Angga Negoro, Unggul Kustiawan, Mohamad Reza Hilmy — Sun, 15 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Globally, 1 in 8 mothers experience postpartum depression (PPD). In Indonesia, many postpartum mothers face various psychological conditions, such as postpartum stress, extreme fatigue, emotional disturbances, severe anxiety, loss of bonding with their baby, and changes in their lifestyle. This study aims to analyze in depth the external factors that influence the marketing planning of PT Nuno Care, a postpartum care center that focuses on postpartum depression management. A qualitative descriptive approach is used to understand the conditions and dynamics of the external environment that influence the company's marketing strategy. Data were collected through literature studies, interviews with management, and market observations aimed at capturing various aspects such as market conditions, industry competition, government regulations, and technological advances that continue to develop. This study emphasizes the importance of adaptation and responsiveness to changes in the external environment so that marketing strategies can be aligned with market needs and preferences. The results of the study indicate that marketing success is highly dependent on the company's ability to anticipate and utilize opportunities and overcome external threats. The recommendations provided aim to assist management in formulating and implementing effective, innovative, and sustainable marketing strategies to enhance competitiveness and support PT Nuno Care's long-term growth. Marketing strategies should be directed at increasing brand awareness regarding the importance of postpartum care services, optimizing digital marketing targeting new mothers and families as decision-makers, and strengthening partnerships with hospitals, maternity clinics, and healthcare professionals as primary referral sources.

Analisis Determinan Ergonomi dan Karakteristik Individu terhadap Keluhan Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) pada Tenaga Kerja Bongkar Muat Pelabuhan

Mitahul Jannah, Linda Suwarni — Sun, 15 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Manual loading and unloading activities that still rely heavily on human labor may lead to musculoskeletal disorder (MSD) complaints due to static working postures, repetitive movements, and high physical workload. This study aimed to identify factors associated with MSD complaints among dock workers at PT Pelabuhan Indonesia II (Persero), Pontianak Branch. A cross-sectional design was used with a population of 101 workers and a sample of 50 workers. Data were collected in April–May 2023 and analyzed using the Chi-square test. The results showed significant associations between carrying position (p=0.000), length of employment (p=0.001), repetitive movements (p=0.004), and workload (p=0.009) with musculoskeletal complaints. However, working time was not significantly associated with musculoskeletal complaints (p=0.527). These findings suggest that ergonomic factors and cumulative work exposure play an important role in MSD complaints among dock workers. Therefore, the company is advised to implement preventive measures through occupational health and safety (OHS) training on safe work methods and correct working postures, educational outreach using posters or other media, and the provision of material-handling aids to reduce workers’ physical burden..

Integrasi Health Policy Triangle dan Prinsip Good Governance dalam Program PKRS untuk Mendorong Perubahan Perilaku Kesehatan Pasien : Suatu Tinjauan Sistematik

Yasinta Indah Widyaningsih, Nurfalia Harfah, Azharatul Jannah — Sun, 15 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Health policy and hospital governance integration is essential in strengthening hospital-based health promotion, particularly through the Health Promotion Hospital Program (PKRS). This systematic review aims to analyze literature on practices, challenges, and strategies for aligning health policy and administrative governance in improving the effectiveness of behavioral-based health promotion in hospitals. The review was conducted using the Health Policy Triangle framework and Good Governance principles to identify how policy, actors, and context interact in shaping sustainable behavioral change interventions. Articles were retrieved from Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases using the keywords “health policy synergy,” “hospital governance,” “behavioral-based health promotion,” and “administrative integration.” Inclusion criteria included studies from 2020–2025 focusing on hospital-based health promotion, governance mechanisms, and digital transformation in behavioral change management. The synthesis revealed that behavioral health promotion effectiveness depends on adaptive policy integration, transparent governance, digital transformation, and human resource capacity building. Strengthening PKRS implementation requires evidence-based policies, innovative governance, and digital systems that support real-time data, cross-sector collaboration, and participatory decision-making. In conclusion, the integration of the Health Policy Triangle and Good Governance principles enhances hospital accountability, communication, and efficiency, thereby fostering sustained behavioral change and advancing national health goals.

Social Determinants of Health in The Maritim Sector: A Qualitative Analysis of The Role of Safety Culture And Leadership on The Health and Performance of Stevedores at Tanjung Perak Port

Saktyawan Dwiki Pamungkas, Ramadhan Hasri Harahap, Mauritz Hm Sibarani — Sun, 15 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This qualitative study investigates the critical influence of workplace culture and leadership styles on occupational health and safety (OHS) outcomes for stevedores at Tanjung Perak Port, Indonesia. Framed within the public health concept of social determinants of health, the research employed a phenomenological approach, conducting in-depth interviews with ten stevedores to capture their lived experiences. Thematic analysis revealed a pervasive normalization of risk, where a culture of machismo and fear of reprisal led to the under-reporting of hazards and the acceptance of unsafe practices as an inevitable part of the job. A stark dichotomy in leadership emerged as a pivotal factor, distinguishing between transactional "Boss" figures who prioritized production targets and fostered silence, and transformational "Leaders" who engendered psychological safety, open communication, and proactive problem-solving. The findings demonstrate that effective leadership is the primary lever for mitigating a negative safety culture, directly impacting both worker well-being and operational performance. The study concludes that sustainable port efficiency and resilience are contingent upon a safe and healthy workforce, necessitating a strategic shift from technical compliance alone towards interventions that cultivate positive safety cultures and develop transformative leadership at the supervisory level. This research provides a critical, human-centered evidence base for improving OHS policy and practice in the maritime sector and similar high-risk industries.

Tuberkulosis Limfadenopati Paraaorta Abdomen pada Pasien Pasca Infeksi Covid-19: Sebuah Laporan Kasus

Cecep Kurnia Suhayat, Nico Leonardy, Wardah Hanifah, Anita Chatrin — Sun, 15 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

COVID-19 and tuberculosis (TB) remain major public health challenges in Indonesia, where the COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted TB prevention and control efforts, leading to decreased detection rates and increased mortality. Considering the coexistence of COVID-19 and TB in high-burden populations and the occurrence of post-COVID-19 tuberculosis cases, this report explores the potential activation of latent TB following COVID-19 infection. A 21-year-old female tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by real-time PCR and was treated for COVID-19. Four weeks later, she developed persistent dry cough, epigastric discomfort, and night sweats. Radiological and hematological examinations revealed ground-glass opacities, lymphadenopathy, elevated inflammatory markers, and anemia. A positive IGRA test and paraaortic lymph node involvement confirmed extrapulmonary TB. The patient received nine months of antituberculosis therapy, resulting in complete resolution of lymphadenopathy. This case highlights a possible link between COVID-19 infection and the reactivation of latent TB, potentially triggered by immune dysregulation, cytokine storms, or T-cell depletion associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Clinicians should consider TB screening for post-COVID-19 patients exhibiting persistent or unexplained symptoms, particularly in TB-endemic regions, as early detection and treatment are essential to prevent severe complications and community transmission.

Keunggulan L-PRF Dibandingkan P-PRF, PRFM, A-PRF, & I-PRF sebagai Cangkok pada Operasi Miringoplasti: Studi Penyembuhan Luka pada Perforasi Membran Timpani

Sun, 15 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to analyze the advantages of Leukocyte-Platelet Rich Fibrin (L-PRF) application in myringoplasty surgery compared to other platelet concentrates such as Platelet-Rich Fibrin Membrane (PFRM), Advanced Platelet-Rich Fibrin (A-PRF), and Injectable Platelet-Rich Fibrin (I-PRF). The research method used is a qualitative literature review, collecting and analyzing data from recent scientific journals and clinical studies related to the use of L-PRF in tympanic membrane repair. The study finds that L-PRF, with its dense fibrin network and high content of leukocytes and growth factors, enhances tissue regeneration, angiogenesis, and epithelialization, which are critical for successful graft integration and faster healing after myringoplasty. Compared to other platelet concentrates, L-PRF offers better mechanical strength and a more sustained release of growth factors. Additionally, L-PRF reduces postoperative complications and improves hearing outcomes. Being an autologous biomaterial, it also reduces the risk of immune rejection. The findings suggest that L-PRF is a promising graft material in otologic surgery, though further clinical trials are needed to optimize its application protocols.

Hubungan Pengetahuan Potensi Peningkatan Tekanan Darah Dengan Pola Makan pada Lansia

Risnawati Risnawati, Astuti Suardi, Ulvy Pratiwy D, Haedir Haedir, Natalia Datu — Sun, 15 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Hypertension is a non-communicable disease and is quite common in Indonesia and throughout the world. This condition is characterized by a continuous increase in blood pressure. Several studies have shown that the higher a person's blood pressure, the greater the risk of experiencing heart disease, kidney failure, and stroke. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between knowledge of the potential for increased blood pressure and dietary patterns in the elderly. This study used Descriptive Analytical research with a Cross-Sectional approach. The sample in this study was 38 elderly people aged 60-80 years using Purposive Sampling techniques. Data analysis with univariate and bivariate analysis using Chi Square. The results of statistical analysis showed that there was a relationship between knowledge of the potential for increased blood pressure and dietary patterns in the elderly (p = 0.001). The conclusion of this study is that there is a relationship between knowledge of the potential for increased blood pressure and dietary patterns in the elderly in Bilante Village, Larompong District, Luwu Regency. Healthcare professionals should be more active in providing IEC (Communication, Information, and Education) to the elderly regarding the importance of dietary management in preventing high blood pressure.

Analisis Ketersediaan dan Kualitas Sanitasi di Kawasan Ekonomi Khusus Mandalika

Sun, 15 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Lombok Island, particularly the Kawasan Ekonomi Khusus (KEK) Mandalika, has rapidly developed as a global tourist destination, attracting a significant annual increase in visitor numbers. This growth necessitates the provision of adequate facilities, especially sanitation facilities, which play a crucial role in enhancing visitor comfort and experience as well as supporting sustainable tourism principles. This study aims to identify the availability of sanitation facilities and analyze sanitation quality at KEK Mandalika through a quantitative approach. Data collection was conducted using checklists to evaluate facility conditions and laboratory tests to measure water quality parameters such as pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), and salinity. The results indicate that several sanitation facilities have not met comfort standards and require improvement. Water quality based on tested parameters showed pH within normal ranges, TDS exceeding quality standards, and salinity tests indicating brackish water with low salinity. This research highlights an urgent need to enhance facilities, particularly those that are disability-friendly, to support inclusive comfort and accessibility, as well as to improve clean water quality. With such facility improvements, KEK Mandalika is expected to maintain its reputation as an environmentally friendly, safe, and high-quality tourist destination. The findings also offer recommendations for infrastructure enhancement and easier access, which ultimately can minimize the environmental impact of tourism activities.

Hubungan Jenis Sumber Air Minum dengan Kualitas Air Minum Rumah Tangga pada Titik Sarana dan Titik Konsumsi di Kota Bekasi

Faradhila Aushafiana Manaf, Al Asyary — Sun, 15 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Safe drinking water is a basic human need and an essential determinant of public health. Ensuring drinking water meets physical, chemical, and biological standards remains a challenge in densely populated urban areas, including Bekasi City. As a buffer zone for the capital city with rapid industrial and residential growth, Bekasi faces the risk of water source pollution due to domestic and industrial activities. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the type of drinking water source and the quality of household drinking water at the point of access and point of use in Bekasi City. The study used a cross-sectional design based on secondary data from the SKAMRT 2024. A total of 512 households were analyzed using the Chi-square test to examine the relationship between the type of water facility and water quality based on biological (E. coli), physical (TDS), and chemical (pH) parameters. The results showed that the main water source at the POA was KPSPAM piped water (81.8%), while at the POU was dominated by refilled water (52.3%). Water quality at the POU was generally better than at the POA. Statistical tests showed a significant relationship in biological parameters (p<0.05) at both points and in chemical parameters (p<0.05) at the POA, while physical parameters were not significant (p>0.05). The quality of household drinking water in Bekasi City is influenced by the type of water facility in terms of biological and chemical aspects at the POA, while the physical aspects are relatively the same and meet health standards.

Tinjauan Sistematis Dampak Limbah Medis terhadap Kesehatan: Analisis Artikel Tahun 2016-2025

Aisha Rizqa Aulia, Zakianis Zakianis — Sun, 15 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Medical waste is one of the major public health concerns due to its potential direct impact on human health. One of the key factors contributing to the increased risk of disease transmission from medical waste is improper waste management, including the handling of sharp objects, infectious waste, and emissions from incineration processes that produce hazardous compounds. Studies have shown that exposure to medical waste can lead to infectious diseases such as Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, as well as toxic effects caused by heavy metals and dioxin emissions from incinerators. This systematic review aims to examine the impact of medical waste exposure on human health based on studies published between 2016 and 2025. The research employed the Systematic Review method following the PRISMA guidelines. Articles were identified through databases including PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, ProQuest, and SAGE Journals. A total of ten studies that met the inclusion criteria were analyzed in depth. The findings indicate that exposure to medical waste contributes to an increased risk of infectious diseases, Needlestick and Sharp Injuries (NSSI), respiratory disorders, and toxic effects on vital organs. Moreover, hazardous chemical compounds such as heavy metals, dioxins, furans, and volatile organic compounds (BTEX) were found to exert carcinogenic and cytotoxic effects on humans. Therefore, safe and sustainable medical waste management is essential to prevent long-term health impacts among healthcare workers, waste handlers, and communities living near healthcare facilities.

Systematic Journal Review: Recent Developments in The Diagnosis and Therapeutic Management of Sinonasal Carcinoma

Tolkha Amaruddin — Sun, 15 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Sinonasal carcinoma is a rare aggressive malignancy often detected at an advanced stage due to non-specific initial symptoms. This systematic review aims to summarize recent advances in diagnosis, including imaging technology and biomarkers, and to analyze current therapy management modalities to provide evidence-based recommendations. This study used a Systematic Journal Review (SLR) design following PRISMA guidelines to ensure transparency and accuracy, with a comprehensive literature search from databases such as PubMed and Scopus. Analyzed articles were limited to the last five years (2020-2025) and were narratively synthesized with data extraction covering diagnostic modalities, therapeutic strategies, and clinical outcomes. Trend and density visualization maps revealed a divided research focus: the clinical management cluster (sinonasal cancer, radiotherapy) as the foundation, and the diagnostic cluster (differential diagnosis, SMARCA4-deficient sinonasal ca) as the cutting-edge innovation. Analyzed studies confirmed the importance of genetic biomarkers such as SMARCA4 and HPV status for prognosis and therapy personalization. Overall, the current literature highlights a shift towards multimodal approaches and precision oncology that integrates molecular diagnosis to improve patient outcomes. This review confirms the integration of molecular diagnosis and personalized therapy management as the latest trend in sinonasal carcinoma treatment.

Analisis Fisiologis Kebugaran Jasmani Berdasarkan Kapasitas Aerobik (VO₂max) dan Tekanan Darah pada Siswa Sekolah Menengah Pertama

Fatoni Fatoni — Sun, 15 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Physical fitness is a crucial component of sports health and is closely related to an individual's physiological condition, particularly in adolescence. This study aims to analyze the fitness of students at Gowa State Junior High School 3 based on aerobic capacity (VO₂max) and blood pressure. The study used a quantitative approach with a descriptive correlational design. The study sample consisted of 58 students selected using a purposive sampling technique. Aerobic capacity was measured using the Multistage Fitness Test (MFT) to obtain an estimate of VO₂max, while blood pressure was measured at rest using a standard blood pressure monitor. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25 through descriptive analysis and Pearson correlation test. The results showed that VO₂max had a positive and significant relationship with physical fitness (r = 0.62; p < 0.05), while systolic and diastolic blood pressure did not show a significant relationship with physical fitness (p > 0.05). These findings suggest that aerobic capacity is a more dominant physiological indicator in reflecting students' physical fitness than blood pressure. This study concludes that efforts to improve the fitness of junior high school students need to focus on developing physical activities that focus on increasing aerobic capacity in a structured and sustainable manner.

Hubungan Karakteristik dengan Pengetahuan Kesehatan Reproduksi pada Calon Pengantin di Kecamatan Banjarsari Kota Surakarta

Bilqis Rahma Yantika, Kusuma Estu Werdani — Sun, 15 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Adequate reproductive health knowledge among prospective brides serves as a crucial foundation in preventing various maternal and neonatal health problems, such as anemia, stunting, and pregnancy complications. This study aims to examine the relationship between sociodemographic characteristics (education, age, occupation) and the level of reproductive health knowledge among prospective brides. The research method a cross-sectional design with a sample of 102 registered prospective brides at the Banjarsari Religious Affairs Office (KUA) in Surakarta during the April-May 2025 period. Data collection utilized a questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliabilty, at the data were statistically analyzed using the chi-square test. The results indicate that the majority of respondents had reproductive health knowledge in the high category (62%). However, bivariate analysis revealed no statistically significant relationship between reproductive health knowledge and the variables of education (p-value=0,935), age (p-value=0,447), or occupational (p-value=0,507). These findings suggest that sociodemographic factors are not the primary determinants of reproductive knowledge among prospective brides. Further research is recommended to explore other potential factors influencing reproductive health knowledge levels, such as exposure to media information, the quality of premarital counseling implementation, family support, and individual motivation in preparing for marriage.

Hubungan Motivasi dan Beban Kerja terhadap Kinerja Perawat Rawat Inap di RSUD Barru

Ichsan Trisutrisno — Sun, 15 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Nurse performance is an important indicator of service quality and is influenced by internal factors such as work motivation and external factors such as workload. An imbalance between job demands and available resources can reduce the quality of nursing care in inpatient wards. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between work motivation and workload with nurse performance in the inpatient wards of Barru Regional General Hospital. This study employed a quantitative method with a descriptive-analytic design and a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 66 nurses selected through simple random sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires on work motivation, workload, and nurse performance, and were analyzed using the chi-square test. The results showed that most nurses had high work motivation (56.1%), heavy workload (69.7%), and good performance (62.1%). There was a significant relationship between work motivation and nurse performance (p = 0.032), as well as between workload and nurse performance (p = 0.045). Multivariate analysis showed that work motivation and workload were simultaneously and significantly associated with nurse performance, with work motivation as the most dominant factor. These findings emphasize that integrated management of work motivation and workload is an important strategy to improve nurse performance, service quality, and patient safety in inpatient wards.

Systematic Journal Review: Management of Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA) for Thyroid Nodules

Tolkha Amaruddin — Sun, 15 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Benign thyroid nodules are common and may cause compressive symptoms and cosmetic concerns, requiring effective treatment. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has emerged as a minimally invasive alternative to surgery; however, variations in technique and outcomes necessitate systematic evaluation. This study synthesizes recent evidence on the effectiveness and safety of RFA for benign thyroid nodules and identifies key technical factors influencing outcomes. A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines, analyzing studies published between 2020 and 2025 from major scientific databases. Ten eligible articles were included for qualitative synthesis. The results indicate that RFA consistently provides significant short- to mid-term nodule volume reduction, preserves thyroid function, and demonstrates a low complication rate. Most patients achieve optimal outcomes with a single ablation session, and long-term follow-up supports sustained efficacy. Recent international guidelines increasingly endorse RFA as a validated non-surgical treatment, including for large nodules previously managed surgically. The study recommends integrating RFA into national healthcare standards in Indonesia, supported by structured training and competency-based certification, to ensure quality and equitable access. Overall, RFA is confirmed as a safe, effective, and adaptable treatment modality with important implications for clinical practice and health policy.

Pengaruh Kepesertaan PBI BPJS Kesehatan terhadap Risiko Catastrophic Health Expenditure di Desa Sumpang Mango

Ardi Syanjaya, Sandi Lubis, Irwan Irwan — Sun, 15 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Catastrophic Health Expenditure (CHE) is an important indicator for assessing the effectiveness of financial health protection, particularly in safeguarding households from excessive health-related expenditures. In Indonesia, the Contribution Assistance Program (PBI) of BPJS Kesehatan is designed as a social protection instrument for poor and vulnerable populations, especially those living in rural areas. This study aims to analyze the effect of PBI membership on the risk of experiencing CHE among households in Sumpang Mango Village. The study employs a quantitative explanatory approach with a cross-sectional design, in which households participating in the PBI program serve as the unit of analysis. Data were collected through a household survey and analyzed using binary logistic regression with the assistance of SmartPLS 3. The analysis also incorporates household income, household size, and health service utilization as control variables. The findings indicate that PBI membership has not been fully effective in significantly reducing the risk of CHE. In contrast, household size and the utilization of health services have a positive and significant effect on the likelihood of experiencing CHE. Meanwhile, household income does not show a significant association with CHE risk. These findings suggest that financial health protection at the village level is not determined solely by health insurance coverage but is also influenced by household structural characteristics and patterns of health service utilization. Therefore, strengthening social protection policies that are more responsive to local conditions and needs is essential to reducing the risk of CHE in rural communities.

Hubungan Penerapan Water, Sanitation And Higiene (WASH) dengan Kejadian Stunting di Wilayah Pesisir: Systematic Review

Syifa Mauliddina, Budi Hartono — Sun, 15 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Stunting remains a significant public health problem in developing countries and is closely associated with inadequate environmental conditions, particularly those related to water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH). This systematic review aims to examine the relationship between WASH practices and the prevalence of stunting among children under five years of age in coastal areas. A total of 11 studies published between 2016 and 2025 were selected from databases such as PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, ProQuest, and other external sources using the PRISMA approach and the PEOS framework. Findings from countries including Pakistan, Bangladesh, India, and Indonesia consistently indicate that poor WASH conditions significantly increase the risk of stunting. Inadequate sanitation facilities, lack of access to safe drinking water, and poor hygiene practices were identified as major contributing factors. Several studies from Indonesia reported high odds ratios for stunting among children exposed to unsafe water and inadequate sanitation, with increased risks ranging from 2.66 to 6.37 times. Some studies suggest that improved sanitation has a stronger association with reduced stunting than improved access to drinking water. Most included studies employed cross-sectional designs, highlighting significant correlations, although causal inferences remain limited. Therefore, long-term integrated interventions that ensure access to clean water, adequate sanitation, and hygiene education should be prioritized in public health strategies, particularly in vulnerable coastal communities.

Epidemiological Analysis of Environmental and Behavioral Risk Factors for Typhoid Fever Occurrence: A Case-Control Study at RSU PKU Muhammadiyah Delanggu, Klaten

Galih Muchlis Hermawan, Vita Susianawati, Firman Adhitya — Sun, 15 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study aimed to analyze risk factors associated with the occurrence of typhoid fever at RSU PKU Muhammadiyah Delanggu, Klaten. The study employed a quantitative design with a case-control approach, involving 48 respondents consisting of 24 typhoid fever cases and 24 non-typhoid fever controls with a 1:1 ratio. The research instrument was a questionnaire covering respondent characteristics, personal hygiene, eating habits outside the home, and level of knowledge. Data analysis was conducted using univariate and bivariate analyses with the Odds Ratio (OR) test and a 95% Confidence Interval (CI). The results showed that gender was not significantly associated with the occurrence of typhoid fever (OR = 1.18; 95% CI: 0.38-3.66). Poor personal hygiene (OR = 11.40; 95% CI: 2.96-43.80), frequent eating outside the home (OR = 15.00; 95% CI: 3.64-61.90), and low level of knowledge (OR = 7.29; 95% CI: 2.04-26.10) were proven to be significant risk factors for typhoid fever. Therefore, promotive and preventive interventions focusing on hygienic behavior, food safety, and improvement of public knowledge are necessary to reduce the incidence of typhoid fever.

Epidemiological Determinants of Hypertension Among Menopausal Women: A Case-Control Study on Age and Obesity at Yosomulyo Primary Health Care Center

Eka Refirahmadani, M Ridwan, Gangsar Indah Lestari — Sun, 15 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Hypertension is a major public health problem that contributes significantly to increased morbidity and mortality, with a higher risk observed among menopausal women due to decreased estrogen levels. In 2023, the prevalence of hypertension in Indonesia reached 30.8%, while in Lampung Province it was reported at 28.45%. In the working area of Yosomulyo Primary Health Center, Metro City, the number of hypertension cases among menopausal women increased from 182 to 244 cases. This study aimed to examine the association of age and obesity with the occurrence of hypertension among menopausal women. A quantitative approach with a case–control design was applied, involving 78 respondents consisting of 39 cases and 39 controls selected through accidental sampling. Age and obesity were defined as independent variables, while hypertension status was the dependent variable. Data were collected through interviews, blood pressure measurements, and anthropometric assessments, and analyzed using the Chi-square test and Odds Ratio. The results indicated a significant association between age and hypertension (p-value = 0.001; OR = 5.570) as well as between obesity and hypertension (p-value = 0.008; OR = 3.918). In conclusion, age and obesity are significantly associated with the incidence of hypertension among menopausal women, highlighting the need for strengthened health education, early hypertension screening, and promotion of healthy lifestyle behaviors as preventive measures.

Kebijakan Pemerintah dalam Memberikan Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Penata Anestesi yang Bekerja Tanpa Dokter Spesialis Anestesi

Widigdo Rekso Negoro — Sun, 15 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The availability of anesthesiology specialists in Indonesia remains disproportionate to the growing demand for health services. This condition compels nurse anesthetists to play a crucial role in delivering anesthesia services, particularly in hospitals that lack anesthesiology specialists. This study aims to analyze the form of legal protection for nurse anesthetists who perform anesthesia practice in hospitals without anesthesiology specialists and to assess the alignment between existing regulations and actual field conditions. This research employs a normative juridical approach with a descriptive-analytical method, examining primary legal materials such as laws and ministerial regulations, along with secondary materials including academic literature and scholarly journals on health law. The analysis focuses on identifying gaps between the legal framework and the professional practices of nurse anesthetists in hospitals. The findings reveal a significant discrepancy between normative regulations and the practical needs of medical services. Existing laws, including Law No. 17 of 2023 and Minister of Health Regulation No. 18 of 2016, do not provide sufficient legal protection for nurse anesthetists working without direct supervision. Consequently, they face legal risks in performing their duties, even when their actions are aimed at ensuring patient safety. The study concludes that reform of health law policies is urgently needed to adapt to current service conditions, particularly through the establishment of clearer delegation mechanisms and indirect supervision systems. These findings contribute to the development of health law literature in Indonesia and serve as a foundation for future research on the implementation of legal protection for nurse anesthetists.

Evaluasi Program Kader Surabaya Sehat (KSH) dalam Peningkatan Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS): Sintesis Literatur Sistematis Berbasis Model CIPP untuk Konteks Kecamatan Gunung Anyar

Renantanda Shah Alam, Agus Prastyawan, Prasetyo Isbandono, Reza Rahmadian — Sun, 15 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The Surabaya Healthy Cadre Program is a community empowerment strategy that aims to improve Clean and Healthy Living Behaviors (PHBS) through the role of health cadres at the community level. Although this program has been widely implemented, a systematic policy evaluation is needed to assess the alignment between program objectives and achievements at the community level. This study aims to evaluate the Surabaya Healthy Cadre Program policy in improving PHBS in Gunung Anyar District using the CIPP (Context, Input, Process, Product) model through a Systematic Literature Review approach. The literature search process was conducted on various electronic databases following the PRISMA protocol, resulting in ten articles that met the inclusion criteria for in-depth analysis. The evaluation results showed that in terms of context, the program was relevant to community needs and in line with national health development policies. In terms of input, resources were considered adequate but still required capacity building for cadres through continuous training and operational support. In terms of process, program implementation proceeded according to plan, although there were variations in implementation quality between regions. In terms of product, the program showed a positive contribution to improving community PHBS, but efforts were still needed to improve the equity of outcomes, effectiveness, and sustainability of the program. These findings are expected to form the basis for evidence-based policy recommendations to strengthen public health programs.

Analisis Formulasi dan Mutu Gizi Barongko “BAGOBEAN” Berbasis Pangan Lokal sebagai Strategi Intervensi Makanan Tambahan bagi Balita Wasting

Zafira Ananda Neda, Theresia Puspita, Hasan Aroni — Sun, 15 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Wasting is a form of acute malnutrition commonly found in toddlers, characterized by weight that is not proportional to height. In 2024, the prevalence of wasting among toddlers in Indonesia reached 6.2%. This condition is influenced by various factors, both direct and indirect. Thus study aims to analyze the formulation of kepok bananas, purple sweet potatoes, and mung beans in barongko products as snack for toodlers with wasting. Thus study applied a quantitative experimental study using a completely randomized design (CRD) with one factor, namely the formulation of raw materials with three levels of treatment. Each treatment was tested to determine nutritional quality (energy, protein, fat, and carbohydrates), protein quality, organoleptic quality, and the best treatment. The result showed 1) Variations in the proportions of kepok bananas, purple sweet potatoes, and mung beans affect the energy, protein, and carbohydrate content. Treatment F3 showed the highest nutritional value, namely energy 282.76 kcal; protein 7.74 g; fat 15.33 g; and carbohydrates 31.02 g. 2) The formulation of ingredients affects organoleptic quality. Treatment F3 obtained the highest score (color 3.87; taste 3.67; aroma 3.8; texture 3.73). 3) The effectiveness index shows that the best treatment is F3 with a ratio of plantain : purple sweet potato : mung beans = 20 : 50 : 30, with a total effectiveness value of 0.974. The conclusion of thi study is the best treatment in developing a barongko formulation based on local foods is F3.

Intervensi Media Audiovisual Animatif terhadap Sikap Permisif Remaja terkait Risiko Kesehatan Rokok Elektrik : Studi Pra-Eksperimental

Ni Komang Ayu Evi Mahayani, Ni Kadek Yuni Lestari, Ni Luh Putu Dewi Puspawati — Sun, 15 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The use of electronic cigarettes among adolescents continues to increase, while socialization regarding their dangers in schools remains limited. Many adolescents have a permissive attitude toward e-cigarettes and consider them safer than conventional cigarettes. The lack of health education and the influence of social media strengthen positive perceptions of e-cigarette use. This study aims to determine the effect of educational video animation on adolescents’ attitudes toward the health impacts of e-cigarette use. This research employed a quantitative pre-experimental design with a One Group Pre-test Post-test Design. The sample consisted of 92 respondents selected using a proportional stratified random sampling technique. The intervention was conducted once using an educational animated video. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. The results showed that before the intervention, 18 respondents (20%) had negative attitudes and 74 respondents (80%) had positive attitudes, while after the intervention, all respondents (100%) demonstrated positive attitudes. The bivariate analysis obtained a p value = 0.000 (p < 0.05), indicating a significant effect of educational animated videos on adolescents’ attitudes toward the health impacts of e-cigarette use. Animated video media proved effective in enhancing understanding and shaping positive attitudes among adolescents as it can attract attention, clarify messages, and evoke stronger emotional impressions compared to conventional media.

Manajemen Kesehatan Mental Lansia Berbasis Dukungan Sosial di Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha Nirwana Puri

Shafa Nastiti Lestari, Nino Adib Chifdillah, Bernadetha Bernadetha — Sun, 15 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Mental health is an important aspect in maintaining the quality of life of older adults, especially those living in social care institutions. Older adults in social institutions face various psychosocial challenges that may affect their mental condition, therefore appropriate mental health management is needed. Social support is one of the factors that plays an important role in mental health management among older adults. This study aimed to describe social support–based mental health management among older adults in Social Care Institution Tresna Werdha Nirwana Puri Samarinda. This study employed a qualitative approach with a descriptive design. The informants consisted of older adults and related parties in the social institution, selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis, and data validity was ensured through source and technique triangulation. The results showed that mental health management among older adults was carried out through adaptation to the institutional environment, participation in social activities, and acceptance of their conditions. Social support from caregivers and fellow residents played an important role in helping older adults manage emotions, reduce feelings of loneliness, and enhance a sense of safety and comfort. Social support serves as a fundamental basis for mental health promotion efforts among older adults in social care institutions. This study concludes that social support–based mental health management is a relevant approach that should be strengthened in social care institution management.

Edukasi Berbasis Audio Visual Meningkatkan Tingkat Pengetahuan Remaja Tentang Pencegahan HIV/AIDS

Soffinda Nur Solikhah, Etty Eriyanti, Fajar Alam Putra — Sun, 15 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Adolescents are a group that is vulnerable to HIV/AIDS transmission due to limited knowledge and high exposure to risky behaviors. Efforts to improve knowledge through engaging media are needed so that health messages can be optimally received. This study aimed to determine the effect of audiovisual-based education on adolescents’ level of knowledge regarding the prevention of HIV/AIDS transmission. This study employed a quasi-experimental design with a pretest–posttest control group approach. The research sample consisted of 76 respondents, divided into an intervention group and a control group, with 38 respondents in each group. The sampling technique used was proportionate stratified random sampling based on class or grade level. The research instrument was an HIV/AIDS knowledge questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability. The intervention was delivered in the form of an educational video with a duration of approximately 10–15 minutes. Data analysis was conducted using the marginal homogeneity test and the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test because the data were measured on an ordinal scale. The results showed an increase in the level of knowledge in the intervention group after receiving audiovisual education, with a p-value of 0.000 (p < 0.05). In contrast, no significant difference was found in the control group, with a p-value of 1.000 (p > 0.05). It can be concluded that audiovisual-based education has a significant effect on increasing adolescents’ knowledge regarding the prevention of HIV/AIDS transmission. Audiovisual media can be used as an alternative health education method for adolescents.

Hubungan Beban Kerja dan Stres Kerja dengan Kinerja Perawat di IGD RSUD Aloei Saboe

Zulkifli Walangadi, Azharatul Jannah, Nurfalia Harfah, Andi Nurul Azizah — Sun, 15 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Nurse performance is a key indicator of healthcare quality and patient safety, particularly in Emergency Departments (ED) where workload demands are high. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between workload and job stress with nurse performance in the ED of Prof. Dr. H. Aloei Saboe Hospital. An analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted involving all 45 ED nurses selected through total sampling. Data were collected using structured questionnaires measuring workload, job stress, and nurse performance, and were analyzed using Spearman’s rank correlation test. Results showed that the majority of nurses experienced high workload (64.44%) and high job stress (53.33%). Statistical analysis revealed a significant negative correlation between workload and nurse performance (p = 0.002; r = -0.448) as well as between job stress and nurse performance (p = 0.001; r = -0.485), both with moderate correlation strength. These findings indicate that higher workload and stress levels are associated with lower nurse performance. The study highlights the need for comprehensive interventions, including optimizing nurse-patient ratios, improving workflow, providing psychosocial support, and implementing stress management programs to maintain nurse performance and service quality in high-pressure ED environments.

Gambaran Pengaruh Edukasi Kesehatan Gigi Menggunakan Video Animasi terhadap Pengetahuan Pencegahan Karies Gigi pada Siswa Sekolah Dasar di SDN Tunjungsekar 4

Almas Tsaqif Figo Antoro, Dimas Dwi Yoga Saputra, Moh. Zainol Rahman — Sun, 15 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Dental caries among children remains one of the most common oral health problems worldwide. School-age children are particularly vulnerable because of their limited understanding of proper oral hygiene and the frequent consumption of sugary foods. This study aimed to analyze the effect of dental health education using animated videos on the knowledge of dental caries prevention among fifth-grade students at SDN Tunjungsekar 4. The research employed a pre-experimental one-group pretest–posttest design involving 30 students, selected through total sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire before and after the educational intervention. The results showed a notable improvement in students’ knowledge, with the percentage of those in the “good” knowledge category increasing from 3.3% to 70.0%. Statistical analysis using the Wilcoxon test indicated a p-value < 0.000, demonstrating a significant effect of the intervention. These findings suggest that animated video-based dental health education is an effective and engaging method for improving children’s understanding of dental caries prevention. Future studies are encouraged to include behavioral or skill-based variables and explore the use of educational game media to enhance learning outcomes.

Identifikasi Kadar Timbal, Tembaga dan Kadmium pada Sayur Kangkung di Pasar Kota Palembang

Sun, 15 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Vegetables play an important role in human health; However, its ability to accumulate heavy metals poses a potential public health risk. Water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica), one of the leafy vegetables most commonly consumed by Indonesian people, is known for its phytoremediation capacity, which allows the absorption of heavy metals from contaminated environments. This study aims to identify and compare the concentrations of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and copper (Cu) in Water spinach sold in traditional markets and supermarkets in Palembang City. A descriptive quantitative study with a laboratory-based approach will be conducted in October 2024. Samples of Water spinach leaves and stems were collected using random sampling and analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) at the Palembang City Standardization and Industrial Services Center. The results showed that the concentration of Pb and Cd in the leaves and stems of both types of markets was below the permissible limit. In contrast, the concentration of Cu in Water spinach leaves from both markets exceeded the recommended safety threshold, while the concentration in the stem remained within acceptable limits. These findings show that although Water spinach sold in Palembang is generally safe to consume due to Pb and Cd contamination, the Cu levels in Water spinach can cause potential long-term health problems. Continuous monitoring and improved food safety control along the production and distribution chain are highly recommended. Steaming and bleaching techniques are a solution in processing Water spinach that is safe for consumption.

Analisis Sistem Rantai Pasok Farmasi: Evaluasi Kepatuhan Prosedural Penerimaan Logistik dan Implikasinya terhadap Patient Safety di Apotek Kota Makassar

Irfan Kurniawan, Asyari Al Hutama , Salwah Suardi ; Yani Pratiwi — Sun, 15 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The reception of health logistics represents a critical initial stage that determines the quality and safety of pharmaceutical preparations, medical devices, and medical consumables prior to their use in patient care. This study aims to analyze the implementation of health logistics reception procedures at PSJ, PT, and PP Pharmacies in Makassar City based on the Pharmaceutical Service Standards outlined in Ministry of Health Regulation Number 73 of 2016. An observational design with a descriptive quantitative and evaluative approach was employed through direct observation and interviews with the Pharmacist in Charge and relevant personnel. Data were collected using a checklist comprising nine reception indicators and analyzed using percentage calculations based on the Guttman scale. The findings show that all pharmacies consistently and comprehensively executed every required procedure. Each facility achieved the maximum evaluation score of nine out of nine, reflecting a one hundred percent compliance rate categorized as very good. All stages, including physical product inspection, document verification, batch number and expiration date checking, management of discrepancies through return procedures, and administrative validation, were conducted in accordance with regulatory requirements. These results indicate that the managerial aspects of health logistics reception across the three pharmacies are well structured and accurate, ensuring the quality and safety of products prior to patient use. The study recommends regular internal audits and the development of logistics management innovations to maintain and enhance reception performance in subsequent periods.

Promosi Kesehatan Masyarakat Berdasarkan Data Epidemiologi dan Dampaknya terhadap Penurunan Kasus Tuberkulosis: Tinjauan Sistematis

Rezki Ramdani, Yasinta Indah Widyaningsih, Salwah Suardi — Sun, 15 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global public health challenge, and effective disease control relies on the ability to target interventions to high-risk populations. Community health promotion based on epidemiological data offers a strategic approach to enhance case detection and reduce TB incidence through targeted community interventions. Articles for this systematic review were retrieved from Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar using the keywords: “community health promotion,” “TB epidemiological data,” “active case finding,” “Digital Adherence Technologies,” and “community-based interventions.” Inclusion criteria encompassed publications from 2022–2025 that addressed the implementation of epidemiology-based health promotion, evaluation of community interventions, and the use of digital technologies to support TB case reduction. The review findings indicate that utilizing local data enables the identification of hotspots and high-risk populations, making community interventions more effective, while integrating digital technologies improves treatment adherence, early case detection, and resource allocation efficiency. Combining community education, engagement of local health cadres, and digital technologies enhances patient motivation and overall program effectiveness, although challenges such as infrastructure limitations, digital literacy, and program sustainability remain. Overall, epidemiology-based community health promotion supported by digital and community interventions offers an effective strategy to reduce TB cases, with success dependent on cross-sector integration, ongoing monitoring, and long-term commitment from stakeholders.

Efisiensi Pengeluaran Pemerintah Sektor Kesehatan di Kabupaten/Kota Provinsi Banten

Siti Fatimah Humairah, Fitri Amalia, Aisyah Mutiara Putri — Sun, 15 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The efficiency of government expenditure in the health sector is an important factor in supporting the achievement of health development, particularly in improving Life Expectancy (LE). Banten Province has experienced a continuous increase in health budget allocations over time; however, its life expectancy remains relatively low compared to other provinces on Java Island. This study aims to analyze the efficiency of government health sector expenditure across regencies and cities in Banten Province during the period 2019–2023. The analytical method employed is Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) using an output-oriented Variable Returns to Scale (VRS) approach. The input variables include the Health Operational Assistance (BOK) budget, the percentage of BPJS Contribution Assistance Recipients (PBI), and the number of community health centers (Puskesmas), while Life Expectancy is used as the output variable. The results indicate that only South Tangerang City consistently achieved optimal efficiency throughout the study period, whereas the other seven regencies and cities failed to reach full efficiency. These findings suggest that the increase in health budget allocations has not been fully accompanied by effective resource management. Therefore, strengthening planning, supervision, and the equitable distribution of health services is necessary to improve expenditure efficiency and regional health development outcomes.

Hubungan Antara Umur, Tingkat Pendidikan, Masa Berkendara dan Pengetahuan dengan Perilaku Safety Riding (Studi pada Driver Ojek Online di Kelurahan Harapan Baru Kota Samarinda)

Steilla Switenia Puspita Alya Raintung, Emelia Tonapa, Yona Palin T — Sun, 15 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Internal factors are factors derived from humans in the form of innate human characteristics such as knowledge, gender, intelligence level, emotional level, motivation, and physical properties of a person while external factors are factors that exist in the surrounding environment such as the physical, social, cultural, economic and political environment. The results stated that 80%-85% of work accidents are caused by unsafe human behavior, so it is necessary to implement safety riding behavior so that accidents do not occur and can reduce the number of traffic accidents. The research is a analitik observational study with a cross sectional design. Sampling method that is using total sampling. The population in this study were all online motorcycle taxi drivers with a total of 39 people at the Harapan Baru sub-district post and the sample used 39 people. Data collection was carried out by researchers by interview method using a questionnaire, with univariate and bivariate analysis. Based on the results of the study, there is a relationship between age and safety riding behavior ρ value 0.009 (<0.05), there is no relationship between education level and safety riding behavior ρ value 0.093 (>0.05), there is a relationship between riding period and safety riding behavior ρ value 0.000 (<0.05) and there is no relationship between knowledge and safety riding behavior ρ value 0.443 (>0.05). In this study, variables related to safety riding behavior are age and riding period. It is expected to improve knowledge, attitudes and be able to practice safe safety riding behavior to avoid traffic accidents.

Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Cakupan Imunisasi Dasar Lengkap pada Bayi di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Ladang Tuha Aceh Selatan

Dhiaul Asyura, Agustina Agustina, Dedi Andria — Sun, 15 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Basic immunization completeness is an effective measure to prevent potentially fatal diseases in infants. However, the coverage of complete basic immunization in Aceh in 2022 remained low at 38.4%, far below the government target of 84.2%. This study aimed to analyze factors associated with the completeness of basic immunization among infants in the working area of Ladang Tuha Health Center, South Aceh. This study employed a descriptive analytical design with a cross-sectional approach. The study population consisted of all mothers with infants aged 12–24 months, totaling 107 individuals. A sample of 36 respondents was selected using random sampling. Data were collected through questionnaires and interviews from May 22 to May 29, 2025. Data analysis was performed using the Chi-square test with a 95% significance level. The univariate analysis showed that 41.7% of infants had received complete basic immunization, while 58.3% had not. Most mothers had poor knowledge (55.6%), close access to health services (97.2%), low family support (58.3%), and less supportive social environments (69.4%). Bivariate analysis revealed significant associations between immunization completeness and maternal knowledge, family support, and social environment. However, access to health services was not significantly associated with basic immunization completeness. Routine health education, family involvement, and strengthening immunization programs are needed to improve basic immunization coverage.

Manajemen Teknik Klinis terhadap Instrument Patah yang Tertinggal dalam Prosedur Perawatan Saluran Akar: A Literature Review

Zovai Hiskia Sianturi, Widi Prasetia — Sun, 15 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The management of fractured endodontic instruments during root canal treatment represents a significant challenge in clinical endodontic practice. Instrument fracture can hinder effective cleaning and disinfection of the root canal system, increase the risk of complications, and potentially compromise treatment outcomes. Therefore, the selection of an appropriate management technique is crucial to ensure procedural success and to maintain a favorable prognosis for the treated tooth. This literature review aims to discuss and analyze various clinical techniques used in the management of fractured endodontic instruments. The methods reviewed include non-surgical retrieval techniques, ultrasonic activation, mechanical approaches using specialized auxiliary devices, and electrochemical dissolution methods. The selected articles consist of relevant case reports, retrospective studies, and clinical investigations, with particular emphasis on the effectiveness of each technique, clinical indications, and factors influencing the success of instrument retrieval. The results of this review indicate that non-surgical techniques are the most frequently employed approaches and demonstrate high success rates, especially when combined with ultrasonic devices and magnification aids. Ultrasonic techniques have been shown to be effective in improving accessibility and visualization of fractured instruments, thereby facilitating fragment removal while minimizing dentinal damage. Electrochemical dissolution methods have also been reported to be effective in certain clinical situations; however, their success rates vary depending on the type and material composition of the fractured instrument.

Memahami Dimensi dan Dampak Kualitas Makanan terhadap Kesehatan Masyarakat: Literature Review

Riyan Ningsih, Eka Putri Rahayu — Sun, 15 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Food quality is a very important aspect of public health.The WHO estimates that 600 million cases of food poisoning, or nearly 1 in 10 people in the world, fall ill after eating contaminated food, resulting in 420,000 deaths each year. Furthermore, the mortality rate from accidental poisoning per 100,000 Indonesians is 0.3. Food quality plays a crucial role in influencing the quality of life of the Indonesian people. Moreover, the mortality rate due to accidental poisoning per 100,000 Indonesian residents is 0.3. Food quality plays a crucial role in influencing consumer satisfaction and public health. The purpose of this study is to explore the dimensions and impacts of food quality on public health. In this literature, we examine various aspects of food quality, including physical and organoleptic dimensions, microbiological aspects, hygiene, and sanitation. Through a review of several studies, we conclude that food quality is a multidimensional construct encompassing physical, organoleptic, microbiological, and hygiene and sanitation aspects. A comprehensive approach is needed covering: improvement of sanitation infrastructure, training and certification of food handlers, strengthening of monitoring and evaluation systems, enforcement of regulations, and further research to measure the effectiveness and impact of interventions.

Systematic Journal Review: The Effect of Age and Obesity on Chronic Rhinitis and Allergic Rhinitis

Nabila Azzahra Permata Putri — Sun, 15 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Chronic rhinitis and allergic rhinitis are common inflammatory upper airway diseases with substantial clinical impact. Age and obesity are considered potential determinants influencing disease occurrence and presentation. This study aimed to systematically evaluate the effects of age and obesity on chronic rhinitis and allergic rhinitis. A Systematic Journal Review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Literature searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar from 2020 to 2025. Eligible studies were qualitatively analyzed using narrative synthesis. Ten primary studies were included in the final analysis. Older age was consistently associated with a higher prevalence of non-allergic chronic rhinitis, while allergic rhinitis predominated in children and young adults. Obesity was significantly associated with chronic rhinitis in adults. However, findings regarding obesity and allergic rhinitis in children and adolescents were inconsistent. The interaction between age and obesity influenced clinical phenotype and disease severity. Age and obesity significantly affect rhinitis occurrence with distinct patterns across age groups.

Effectiveness of Single-Visit Root Canal Treatment and Adhesive Restoration in Improving Accessibility of Tooth Preservation Services: A Case Report

Teuku Agus Surya, Widi Prasetia — Sun, 15 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Background: The management of teeth with pulp necrosis and symptomatic apical periodontitis requires effective root canal disinfection and durable restoration. Single-visit root canal therapy with bioceramic sealers and adhesive restorative techniques provides a comprehensive approach to promote periapical healing and tooth preservation. Aim: This case report describes the endodontic treatment and restorative management of a maxillary second premolar with a periapical lesion using single-visit endodontic and DME technique for direct composite restoration. Case Report: A patient presented with pain during chewing on the maxillary left second premolar, previously restored one year earlier. The tooth was initially sensitive but developed pain on mastication after six months. Clinical findings included negative thermal response, positive percussion, negative palpation, and no mobility. Radiographs showed a periapical lesion. The diagnosis was pulp necrosis with symptomatic apical periodontitis. Case Management: Endodontic treatment was performed in a single visit. Root canal preparation was followed by obturation using a single-cone technique with bioceramic sealer. Restorative management involved the DME technique to elevate the cervical margin, followed by direct composite for functional restoration. Discussion: Single-visit root canal therapy provides outcomes comparable to multi-visit protocols. Bioceramic sealer enhances periapical healing due to its bioactivity and sealing properties. The DME technique facilitates restorative access and margin control in deep areas, while direct composite ensures conservative reinforcement and esthetics. Conclusion: This integrated single-visit approach combining bioceramic obturation, DME, and direct composite restoration achieved successful management of a maxillary second premolar with pulp necrosis and.

Indikator Antropometri Dini sebagai Penanda Risiko Stunting dengan Anemia pada Balita

Arisanty Nur Setia Restuti, Adhiningsih Yulianti, Putri Rahayu Ratri — Sun, 15 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Stunting and anemia are two chronic nutritional problems that frequently occur concurrently among young children and have long-term impacts on the quality of human resources. Anthropometric factors at birth and nutritional status during early childhood are believed to play an important role in the development of these conditions. This study aimed to analyze the correlation between birth length (BL), birth weight (BW), mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) and head circumference (HC) with the occurrence of stunting accompanied by anemia among children under five years of age. This study employed an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach. The study subjects were children aged 6–59 months who experienced stunting and anemia. Data on BL and BW were obtained from the Maternal and Child Health handbook, while MUAC and HC were measured directly. Statistical analysis was performed using the Pearson correlation test. A significant correlation was found between BL and MUAC (p<0,05) with a positive strength of association (r = 0.634). BL and MUAC showed a strong and significant correlation. These findings reinforce the concept that stunting and anemia are chronic nutritional problems that originate early in life and persist into early childhood. This study concludes that BL as an anthropometric indicator is a risk marker for the occurrence of stunting accompanied by anemia among children under five, as reflected by its positive correlation with MUAC. This finding indicates that growth impairment and poor nutritional status in children with stunting and anemia begin during the prenatal period and continue into early childhood.

Analisis Determinan Perilaku Pencegahan Penularan Tuberkulosis: Studi Berbasis Teori Preceded-Proceed di Wilayah Urban Kota Makassar

Andi Magfirah Hamsi, Kartini, Ivan Wijaya, Ariani — Sun, 15 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global health problem. Indonesia ranks second highest in the world in terms of TB cases, accounting for 10% of the total with an estimated 1,092,000 cases. The transmission of TB is greatly influenced by the behavior of patients in taking measures to prevent TB transmission. This is due to the lack of behavior of patients in preventing transmission. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with patient behavior in efforts to prevent TB transmission at the Cendrawasih Community Health Center in Makassar City. This study used a quantitative method with an analytical observational approach and a cross-sectional study design. There were 94 TB patients at the Cendrawasih Community Health Center who participated in the study. Purposive sampling was used to select the sample, and a questionnaire was used as the research instrument. Data analysis was performed using the chi-square test with IBM SPSS version 25. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between knowledge (p=0.004), smoking habits (0.046), family support (p=0.018), and availability of a private bed (p=0.000) with TB transmission prevention behavior among TB patients. Multivariate analysis results showed that family support was the most influential variable on TB transmission prevention behavior in the urban area of Makassar City (p=0.001; OR 0.195; 95% CI: 0.075-0.509). From the research results, it can be concluded that the family support variable is the most dominant factor influencing TB transmission prevention behavior in the urban area of Makassar City